Bitwise Operators: Perform below swapping operations using Bitwise operators

(num & 0x0F)<<4 | (num & 0xF0)>>4 )

we use the above code to shift 2 nibble.

The working of the code is explained below:

Consider the number 12345678

(x & 0x0F)<<4 gives 56780000

(x & 0xF0)>>4 gives 00001234

so the final answer after using the OR operator is 56781234.

Below are the steps to get the result:

1. Get all the even bits

2. Get all the odd bits

3. Right shift all the even bits by 1

4. Left shift all the odd bits by 1

To get the even bits, we do a bitwise AND with the number and 0xAAAAAAAA. “0xAAAAAAAA” is 32 bit number with all the even bits set to 1 and odd bits set to 0.

To get the even bits, we do a bitwise AND with the number and 0x55555555

. “0x55555555” is 32 bit number with all the odd bits set to 1 and odd bits set to 0.

Before swapping: 11-10-11-01 After swapping: 11-01-11-10

x = ((x & 0b10101010) >> 1) | ((x & 0b01010101) << 1)

• The expression x & 0b10101010 extracts the high bit from each pair, and then >> 1 shifts it to the low bit position.

• Similarly the expression (x & 0b01010101) << 1 extracts the low bit from each pair and shifts it to the high bit position.

• The two parts are then combined using bitwise-OR.

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

void swap_nibble(unsigned char num)
{
	char temp = num;
	cout<<"The number "<<temp <<" after nibble swap = "<<((num & 0x0F)<<4 | (num & 0xF0)>>4)<<endl;

}

void swap_even_odd(unsigned int num)
{

	int temp = num;

	unsigned int even_bits = num & 0xAAAAAAAA;  
	unsigned int odd_bits  = num & 0x55555555;  
	even_bits >>= 1;  // Right shift even bits 
    odd_bits <<= 1;   // Left shift odd bits 

	cout<<"The number "<<temp <<" after swapping even and odd bit is = "<<(even_bits | odd_bits)<<endl;
}


void swap_pair(unsigned int num)
{
	int temp = num;

	cout<<"The number "<<temp <<" after pairwise swap is = "<<( ((num & 0b10101010) >> 1) | ((num & 0b01010101) << 1))<<endl;

}

int main()
{
	unsigned char str = 100;
	swap_nibble(str);

    unsigned int num = 23; // 00010111 
    swap_even_odd(num);

   	unsigned int num_1 = 4;
        swap_even_odd(num_1);
}